Running A Camper Fridge: On-The-Road Power Options

It is possible to run a camper fridge while driving, but there are several factors to consider, including the type of fridge and power source. Most camper fridges are 2-way refrigerators, which operate best with propane, but there is also the option of using a 3-way fridge that can run on 12V DC power. While propane is the most common power source, it also poses safety risks, as it is a volatile gas that can ignite quickly and violently. In contrast, generators offer more safety but less power. It is important to be aware of the legal requirements and safety considerations when using propane, such as turning off the gas before entering a gas station or driving through a tunnel. Overall, while it is possible to run a camper fridge while driving, individuals must weigh the risks and take necessary precautions to ensure a safe journey.

Propane vs. electricity: which is best?

When it comes to powering your camper fridge, you have a few options: propane, electricity, or a combination of both. So, which is the best choice? Here's a detailed comparison to help you decide:

Propane vs. Electricity:

Propane:

• Advantages: Propane-powered fridges are preferred by many campers because they require less maintenance and tend to last longer due to the absence of moving parts. Propane is also a good option if you're camping off-grid or in remote areas without access to electrical outlets. They can run continuously for more than a week on just 20 lbs of propane, making them very efficient. Propane refrigerators also have lower maintenance costs and a longer lifespan, which can result in cost savings over time. Additionally, propane is readily available and produced in the USA, driving down running costs.
• Disadvantages: One of the biggest concerns with propane is safety. Propane is a flammable gas, and a leaky gas line during travel could lead to a fire or explosion. It is recommended to turn off the propane before entering a gas station or a tunnel, as required by law in most states. Propane fridges also take longer to cool down, typically around 6-10 hours, and they are influenced by the surrounding air temperature. They may not be suitable for very hot regions. Propane refrigerators are generally more expensive to purchase than electric ones.

Electricity:

• Advantages: Electric fridges are safer and eliminate the need to worry about gas leaks. They provide consistent and faster cooling, making them ideal for short-distance travel or hot regions. Electric fridges can also stay colder for longer periods, and they are not affected by external factors like air temperature.
• Disadvantages: Electric fridges may have higher maintenance costs due to wear and tear over time. They rely on a consistent power source, which may be a challenge when camping off-grid or in remote areas without access to electrical hookups.

Hybrid Models:

Many RV refrigerators are hybrid models that offer the flexibility to run on either electricity or propane. This provides campers with a backup fuel source and ensures the fridge can stay cool during transit. When using electricity, these fridges typically operate on 120V AC or 12V DC power.

Both propane and electric fridges have their advantages and disadvantages. Propane fridges are efficient, low-maintenance, and ideal for off-grid camping, but they come with safety concerns. Electric fridges are safer and provide faster cooling but may have higher maintenance costs and rely on a consistent power source. Ultimately, the best choice depends on your specific needs, camping style, and priorities. If you value safety and convenience, an electric fridge might be preferable. If you prioritize efficiency and off-grid capabilities, propane could be the better option.

Safety considerations when using propane

While it is possible to run your camper fridge on propane while driving, there are several safety considerations to keep in mind. Propane is a volatile gas and should always be handled with caution. Here are some important safety tips to follow when using propane in your camper fridge:

• Be aware of the risks: Propane is flammable, and a leak can lead to a fire or explosion. Even a small spark or flame can ignite propane, so it is essential to be cautious when using it.
• Turn off propane when not in use: If you are not using any propane-powered appliances while driving, it is best to turn off the propane. This reduces the risk of accidents and is a recommended safety practice.
• Check local laws and regulations: In most states across the US, there are no laws prohibiting the use of propane while driving. However, it is important to research the specific laws and regulations in each state you plan to travel through. Some states may require you to turn off propane when entering a gas station or tunnel.
• Pay attention to appliance movement: Appliances can move around while driving, potentially breaking the propane line. This can lead to a gas leak, so ensure that your appliances are secure and regularly inspect the propane line for any damage.
• Be cautious when entering gas stations: It is important to turn off your propane and all other appliances before entering a gas station. This is a legal requirement in most states and helps minimize the risk of accidental fires and explosions.
• Follow tunnel safety protocols: In addition to gas stations, many states require propane to be turned off when entering tunnels. Tunnel fires can be extremely dangerous, so always comply with these safety measures.
• Use alternative cooling methods: Consider using alternative cooling methods for your camper fridge, such as a generator or ice chest. This can help reduce the reliance on propane and minimize potential risks.
• Monitor food temperature: If you choose to turn off your camper fridge while driving, monitor the temperature of your food. Food-safe temperatures should be maintained, and you can use a fridge thermometer for added peace of mind.
• Maintain proper ventilation: Propane appliances require adequate ventilation to function safely. Ensure your camper is well-ventilated, especially when using propane-powered appliances.
• Regularly inspect and maintain your propane system: This includes checking for leaks, ensuring proper connections, and following the manufacturer's recommendations for maintenance and safety.
• Keep a fire extinguisher and emergency equipment onboard: In the event of a fire or explosion, be prepared with a fire extinguisher and other emergency equipment. Know how to respond to emergencies and have a plan in place.

Remember, while using propane for your camper fridge can be convenient, your safety should always come first. Stay informed, be cautious, and follow recommended safety practices to reduce potential risks when using propane.

How to keep food cold without using the fridge

It is possible to run a camper fridge while driving, but there are some safety and legal considerations to keep in mind, especially if your fridge runs on propane. To avoid the risks associated with propane, you could consider powering your fridge through other means, such as solar panels, DC to DC chargers, generators, or your vehicle's battery.

However, if you would prefer to avoid using a fridge altogether, here are some ways to keep your food cold while camping:

• Invest in a high-quality cooler: Look for coolers with thick, insulated walls, such as the Yeti Tundra 65 Cooler or Coleman X-Treme cooler. These will help keep your food cold for longer periods.
• Use ice packs: Large freeze packs are reusable, non-hazardous, and can stay cold for up to 48 hours. They are a great way to keep food cold without the mess of melted ice cubes.
• Try a portable car fridge: These fridges can be powered by your car or a campsite power source and can quickly reach icy temperatures.
• Use a separate cooler for drinks: As drinks are accessed more frequently than food, they will cause the cooler's temperature to rise. By using a separate cooler for drinks, you can keep the food cooler closed and maintain a lower temperature.
• Freeze your food in advance: Frozen food will help keep your cooler cold and will defrost gradually during your trip. You can freeze various items, including meat, vegetables, water bottles, and even cracked eggs for breakfast.
• Use frozen water bottles: Frozen water bottles will stay cold longer than ice cubes and provide drinking water once they have melted.
• Keep the cooler in the shade: Direct sunlight will heat up your cooler, so keep it in a shaded area to maintain its temperature.
• Double-wrap frozen meat: To prevent cross-contamination and leakage, double-wrap frozen meat in aluminium foil and freezer bags.
• Chill your cooler in advance: Adding ice to your cooler a few hours before packing food will help maintain a low temperature and prevent your food from defrosting quickly.
• Open the cooler as little as possible: Each time you open the cooler, cold air escapes and is replaced by warm air. Therefore, it is best to pack the cooler strategically, with frequently accessed items on top and perishable items at the bottom.
• Pack the cooler tightly: Filling any empty spaces in your cooler with frozen water bottles or ice packs will help reduce air circulation and slow the warming of your food.

Using a generator to power the fridge

Using a generator to power your camper fridge while driving is a safer alternative to using propane, although it provides less power. Generators vary in their wattage, so it's important to look for starting watts when purchasing one to ensure you have enough power to run your fridge. The average generator has 2000-2500 starting watts, which is enough to handle the power spike from turning on your fridge.

There are two main types of generators: portable solar generators and gas generators. Portable solar generators act as a backup battery bank for your camper, while gas generators are small gas-powered engines that produce a charging and operating current.

If your camper has a built-in generator, you can simply turn it on before you hit the road and power on your refrigerator. In a travel trailer, the generator will have its own fuel tank that you need to keep full. In a Class A or Class C motorhome, the generator will be supplied by the main gas tank that also fuels the engine.

If your camper doesn't have a built-in generator, you can still use a portable generator, but there are some safety considerations to keep in mind. Never run a generator inside your camper, as it can fill with toxic, asphyxiant gases. Your camper must have a mount to hold the generator securely on the exterior of the vehicle, typically on the tow bar between the trailer and your car.

Another thing to keep in mind is that operating a propane generator while on the road is prohibited in several states. Make sure to research the specific laws pertaining to generator use in the states you plan to travel through.

Calculating your energy needs

To calculate your energy needs, you must first determine how many watt-hours your fridge will need to run. Check your RV/vehicle manual for estimated watts or amps. If you don't have access to this information, you can refer to online resources or consult with an expert. Let's assume you have a compressor-style fridge that runs on 12V/DC power directly from the battery.

Using the formula Volts x Amps = Watts, we can calculate the power consumption. For example, if your fridge operates at 12V power with an average current of 8.5A, it will consume 102W.

Next, we need to estimate the number of hours the compressor will run per day. Let's use 6 hours as an example. By multiplying the watts by the hours, we can determine the watt-hours (WH) per day. In this case, it would be 102W x 6 hours = 612WH per day.

Now, let's consider the battery capacity. If you have a 12V-100Ah lead-acid battery, you have 600 available WH per cycle due to the 50% safe depth of discharge. This calculation is done as follows: 12V x 100Ah x 0.5 = 600WH.

On the other hand, if you have a 12V-100Ah Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) battery, you'll have 960WH available per cycle due to the 80% depth of discharge, calculated as 12V x 100Ah x 0.8 = 960WH.

Comparing the watt-hours required by your fridge (612WH) with the available watt-hours in your battery, you can determine if you have sufficient power to run the fridge and any other electrical appliances.

It's important to note that these calculations are based on specific assumptions and may vary depending on your RV/vehicle configuration and usage patterns. Always refer to your manual or consult with a professional for more accurate assessments of your energy needs.

Frequently asked questions