Cargo Carrier Compatibility With Camper Trailers: Universal Addition?

Converting a cargo trailer into a camper is a great option for those who want to customise their camper on a budget. The process can take anywhere from a month to a few years, depending on the complexity of the conversion and the time you can dedicate to the project.

The first step is to choose the right cargo trailer, considering size, weight capacity and construction quality. Then, it's time to plan the layout of your new camper, making a wish list of desired features and drafting a floor plan. This is a crucial step to ensure you make the most of the limited space and avoid costly mistakes down the line.

Once you have a plan in place, it's time to start the build. This will involve stripping down the cargo trailer, framing and insulating the walls, installing electrical and solar power, plumbing, and finishing the walls and floors. The level of customisation is up to you, but with careful planning and execution, it is possible to add features like a kitchen, bathroom, and sleeping areas to your cargo trailer camper.

Solar panels, batteries, and power

Solar Panels

Solar panels are the foundation of your RV's solar system, capturing sunlight and converting it into electricity. There are two common types of solar panels for RVs: rigid panels and flexible panels. Rigid panels are typically made of monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon and are more efficient, while flexible panels use thin-film technology and are lightweight and ideal for curved RV roofs. When choosing solar panels, consider the wattage and efficiency, as well as the space available on your RV roof.

Batteries

Batteries are crucial for storing the electricity generated by your solar panels. There are two main types of batteries used in RV solar systems: lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Lead-acid batteries are commonly used but have shorter lifespans and require more maintenance. Lithium-ion batteries, such as LiFePO4 batteries, are more expensive but offer higher performance, longer lifespans, and are safer. Calculate your power needs to determine the number and type of batteries required.

Charge Controller

The charge controller plays a vital role in regulating the flow of electricity from the solar panels to the batteries. It ensures that the batteries are charged at an optimal rate and prevents overcharging, which can damage the batteries. There are two types of charge controllers: PWM (pulse-width modulation) and MPPT (maximum power point tracking). MPPT controllers are more efficient and allow the use of a wider range of solar panel voltages.

Inverter

An inverter is necessary if you want to power 120-volt AC appliances in your RV, such as a coffee maker or laptop. It converts the 12-volt DC power from your batteries into 120-volt AC power. When choosing an inverter, consider its wattage rating, ensuring it can handle the power requirements of your appliances. Mount the inverter close to your battery bank to minimize power loss.

System Design and Installation

When designing your solar system, calculate your power consumption and the number of solar panels and batteries needed. Consider the space available on your RV roof and the orientation of the panels to maximize sunlight exposure. You can mount the panels flat or use mounting brackets to angle them toward the sun. Follow the instructions provided with your solar kit for a safe installation.

System Monitoring and Maintenance

Consider installing a battery monitor to keep track of your battery's charge level and overall system performance. Regular maintenance is essential to ensure your solar system functions optimally. Keep the panels clean and free of debris, and inspect the wiring and connections periodically for any signs of damage or corrosion.

Benefits of Solar Power

RV solar panels offer several advantages, including reducing your reliance on noisy and polluting generators. They provide a quiet and eco-friendly power source, allowing you to camp in remote locations without electrical hookups. Solar panels can also save you money in the long run by minimizing generator fuel costs and reducing your reliance on campground electrical fees.

Insulation and windows

Insulation

• Use spray foam or fiberglass insulation to fill any gaps or leaks in your trailer's walls, ceiling, and floor. Spray foam is a cheap and easy solution, while fiberglass insulation provides better temperature maintenance but may require professional installation.
• Insulate any pipes or wires that pass through your trailer's walls to prevent heat loss.
• Consider adding a layer of insulation to your trailer's roof and vent to prevent heat from escaping. A vent cover can also help with this.
• Skirt the bottom of your trailer with insulated material to prevent updrafts and heat loss. You can buy specialized skirting or make your own by attaching insulation to the bottom of your trailer.
• Insulate your water pipes, water heater, and holding tanks to prevent them from freezing in cold weather. Use heat tape and foam insulation on your water pipes and consider a heated hose if you camp in icy conditions.
• Add insulation to your bedding with a memory foam topper, down comforter, or electric blanket for extra warmth.

Windows

• Most campers have single-pane windows, which are not effective at keeping the heat in or out. Replacing them with double or triple-pane windows can help with insulation but may be expensive and might not hold up to road vibrations.
• To improve insulation without replacing windows, cover the glass with shrink wrap or bubble wrap. This can be attached with Velcro or double-sided tape and will reduce drafts while still letting light in.
• Check and replace any damaged weather stripping around your windows, and consider upgrading to insulated or solar curtains to keep the interior warmer.
• If you decide to use bubble wrap, try to find 24" wide rolls that are at least 5/16" thick to avoid having to tape multiple pieces together.
• For larger windows, consider using plexiglass, which can be cut to size and attached with clear acrylic mounting tape or Velcro. This provides insulation while still allowing a clear view through the windows.
• Another option is to use a window insulator kit, which uses double-sided tape and plastic to create an insulating layer of air between the plastic and the glass.
• Reflectix is a popular choice for window insulation as it has excellent insulative properties, but it reflects sunlight away and will not let it through, which may not be desirable for some.

Beds and storage

Once you've chosen your trailer, you can start thinking about the layout and spatial organisation. If you're handy, you can build your own bed and storage solutions to make the most of the space. For example, you could create a raised seating area with storage underneath that converts into a bed. Or, you could invest in some ready-made storage solutions like baskets, tubs, and vacuum seal bags to keep your space organised.

When it comes to the bed itself, you have a few options. You could go for a traditional mattress, or you could opt for a more space-saving solution like a fold-out bed or an air mattress. Whichever route you choose, make sure you measure the space carefully to ensure your bed fits perfectly.

In addition to beds and storage, you'll also need to think about ventilation, plumbing, electrical systems, and other amenities to make your camper trailer feel like home. With careful planning and a bit of creativity, you can create a comfortable and functional space for your next adventure.

Electrical and plumbing

Electrical

When it comes to electrical systems, the first step is to assess your power needs. Consider what appliances and devices you plan to use and their energy requirements. Common electrical additions include LED lights, a power converter, and USB charging stations. You may also want to install solar panels and a power generator for off-grid capabilities.

Next, plan the electrical layout, including the placement of outlets, power supplies, and USB ports. It is crucial to use appropriate wiring and circuit protection to avoid overloading the system. Consult with a qualified electrician to ensure your electrical system is safe and complies with regulations.

Plumbing

Adding plumbing to your cargo trailer conversion can be a complex task due to space constraints. One simple option is to use a closed water system with separate containers for fresh and greywater, connected to a sink via tubing and a USB rechargeable pump.

For a more comprehensive setup, you'll need to install water tanks and run piping to sinks, showers, and toilets. This will require careful planning to maximise space efficiency. Additionally, consider how you will manage wastewater, either through a dedicated greywater tank or by manually disposing of it.

Interior design and finishing

Wall, Floor, and Ceiling

• Dismantling and Insulation: Remove the existing wall panels to expose the metal frames. Seal any air gaps between the metal frames on the walls and floor with waterproof sealant. For insulation, use foil-faced Polyiso Foam Insulation between the metal frames and seal the gaps with spray foam sealant.
• Wall Finish: To prevent the metal frames from transferring exterior temperatures inside, insulate them with wood strips or foil tape insulation.
• Flooring: On top of the existing floor, lay an underlayment sheet, then 1/4" thick underlayment plywood, and finish it with vinyl stick-on flooring.

Layout and Spatial Organization

• Prioritize your needs and organize the traffic flow to accommodate everything efficiently within the limited space.
• Multi-functional Furniture: Use foldable or multi-functional furniture to maximize space. For example, a bed that converts into a seating area during the day.

Ventilation, Fan, and Windows

• Ventilation: Install a 12V vent fan with a thermostat and reversible airflow direction to maintain the desired temperature.
• Windows: Install windows to allow for cross-ventilation and fresh air. Consider the size, placement, and number of windows based on your specific needs.

Water, Shower, and Plumbing

• Water Tank: Determine the size of your freshwater tank based on your usage and position it over the wheel axle for weight distribution.
• Plumbing: Decide whether to include a kitchen or bathroom, as this will impact the complexity of your plumbing system. Consider using portable water tanks and pumps to simplify the process.
• Shower: Build a shower area with a shower tub that drains directly to the ground, and use a catch pan to collect greywater.

Electrical System and Lighting

• Solar Panels: Install solar panels to power your electrical system, including lighting and charging devices.
• Lighting: Choose LED lighting to create a softer ambiance and direct lighting where needed. Opt for low-profile, space-saving light fixtures suitable for overhead ambient lighting.

Interior Design and Decor

• Colors and Materials: Choose lightweight materials and colors that make the space feel inviting and cozy.
• Storage Solutions: Utilize vertical space by installing shelves or cabinets, and consider creative storage solutions to maximize space.
• Decorations: Add personal touches with wall art, blankets, and throws that complement your color palette and style.

Additional Considerations

• Always consider weight restrictions and balance when adding interior finishes and decorations to your camper trailer.
• Join online communities and forums to seek inspiration and guidance from other camper trailer builders.
• Take your time, be creative, and don't be afraid to ask for help when needed.

Remember, the interior design and finishing of your camper trailer should reflect your personal style and needs, so feel free to customize and adapt these ideas to create a space that is uniquely yours.

Frequently asked questions