The Intricacies Of Camper Wall Construction

Camper walls are generally made of three materials: an outer wall, insulation in the middle, and an interior wall. The outer walls of campers are usually made from fibreglass, composite materials, or aluminium. The insulation is made from fibreglass, spray foam, or rigid foam. The inner wall is typically made of plywood, medium-density fibreboard (MDF), or vinyl.

Composite plywood walls

Composite plywood is a common choice for camper walls, offering a natural, homey aesthetic that's easily customisable. It's made by pressing different types of wood together to form a large sheet, with the wood grains lined up perpendicular to each other for added strength. The inner layers are typically made from cheaper wood, while a nice veneer is often added to the top.

Composite plywood is a sturdy, durable material that's less likely to warp or break than other options. It's also easy to work with, making construction simpler, and it can withstand items being hung from it. However, one of its key weaknesses is its susceptibility to water damage. If exposed to leaks, composite plywood can quickly become damaged, with mould or algae growing on the wood. As such, it's important to keep an eye out for leaks and fix them as soon as possible.

When it comes to insulation and soundproofing, composite plywood performs reasonably well. It's better at keeping sound out than vinyl walls, and the insulation provided depends on the thickness of the plywood and the type of insulation sandwiched between the inner and outer walls of the camper.

In terms of cost, composite plywood is pricier than MDF but more affordable than vinyl. It's a good mid-range option, often used in mid-to-upper-range RVs, and can be finished with wallpaper, veneer, or paint.

Medium-density fibreboard walls

Medium-density fibreboard (MDF) is a popular choice for camper walls due to its affordability, ease of installation, and customisability. It is an engineered wood product made by breaking down hardwood or softwood residuals into fine particles or wood fibres, combining it with wax and a resin binder, and forming panels by applying high temperature and pressure.

MDF is a lightweight and flexible material, making it easy to work with and install. It can be cut into various shapes and sizes to fit the contours of the camper walls. Its smooth surface makes it ideal for painting, wallpapering, or hanging decorations such as family photos. Additionally, it is less expensive than plywood and is widely available at most retailers.

However, MDF has some drawbacks. It is prone to water damage as the interior wood fibres can swell and mould if exposed to moisture. Proper sealing is necessary to prevent this issue. MDF is also susceptible to permanent damage, as dents or scratches cannot be sanded out. It is a labour-intensive installation process due to its weight, often requiring two people.

When choosing MDF for camper walls, it is important to consider its limitations and take the necessary precautions to ensure its longevity. Overall, MDF is a budget-friendly and versatile option for those looking to renovate their camper interiors.

Vinyl walls

Vinyl is a popular choice for camper walls, offering a range of benefits that make it a top option for RV enthusiasts. Vinyl walls are constructed using durable plastic, available in a multitude of colours, shapes, and textures to suit any RV interior design. Its versatility and ease of installation make it a common choice for both manufacturers and DIY enthusiasts.

One of the biggest advantages of vinyl is its affordability. Vinyl walls are typically half the price of real plywood, making them an excellent option for budget-conscious RV owners. Additionally, the lightweight nature of vinyl helps keep the overall weight of the RV down, which is crucial for travelling. The low cost and ease of installation also mean that vinyl walls can be easily replaced if they start to show signs of wear and tear.

Installation of vinyl walls is a straightforward process that can be managed by DIY enthusiasts. Vinyl can be easily cut to size with a sharp, retractable utility knife, and some varieties even come with a peel-and-stick backing, making the project that much simpler. This makes it convenient for those who like to frequently change up their decor or remodel their RVs.

While vinyl offers a range of benefits, it does have a shorter lifespan compared to other materials. Vinyl walls tend to crack within two years, requiring replacement. However, due to its low cost and ease of installation, vinyl remains a popular choice for those seeking a cost-effective and customisable option for their camper walls.

Insulation and weatherproofing

There are several types of insulation used in campers, each with its pros and cons. The two primary types are fiberglass insulation and foam insulation, which comes in several varieties.

Fiberglass insulation is similar to what you would find in a traditional home, with rolled sheets of fluff that resemble pink cotton candy. It has a high R-value, making it ideal for maintaining consistent temperatures. It is also inexpensive and easy to install or replace. However, it breaks down faster than other types, especially when exposed to moisture, which can lead to mould.

Rigid foam insulation is more durable and has a longer lifespan. It comes in boards that can be cut to the desired size and shape, making it ideal for custom installations. Rigid foam is highly moisture-resistant, preventing mould growth. However, it can be challenging to install and is more expensive than fiberglass.

Spray foam insulation is a lightweight alternative that is easy to apply and creates an effective seal against temperature changes and moisture. It is also affordable and moisture-resistant. However, it has a lower R-value than other types of insulation, and you may need to hire a professional for installation.

Other types of insulation include reflective foil insulation, which is a thin sheet of metal that sits inside the wall structure. While it insulates radiant energy effectively, it should be used in combination with other types of insulation for optimal results.

When insulating a camper, it is important to focus on areas that are most susceptible to temperature changes, such as windows, doors, vents, and skylights. Upgrading to double-pane windows can significantly improve insulation. Re-caulking and replacing worn weather stripping are also effective ways to improve insulation and prevent drafts.

Additionally, consider insulating the underbelly of the camper with an RV skirt to protect it from cold winds and boost heating efficiency. Upgrading the insulation behind the walls may also be necessary, especially for older campers or those not built for all-season use.

For those who enjoy camping in extremely hot or cold climates, combining different types of insulation and implementing additional weatherproofing measures may be required to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature.

Durability and maintenance

Durability:

• Strength and Impact Resistance: Materials like filon/fiberglass, aluminum, steel, and composites are known for their strength and ability to withstand impacts. For example, filon/fiberglass is resistant to scratches and impacts, while aluminum provides strength and steel offers exceptional durability.
• Resistance to Damage: Camper walls should be able to resist scratches, dents, and other forms of damage. Fiberglass and composites are highly impact-resistant, while aluminum and steel provide protection against dents and punctures.
• Rust and Corrosion Resistance: Aluminum and steel walls should be treated and protected to prevent rust and corrosion. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning and applying protective coatings, is essential.
• UV Resistance: Sunlight can cause fading and degradation, so materials like filon/fiberglass often have a UV-resistant gelcoat layer to protect against prolonged sun exposure.
• Longevity: Choosing materials known for their durability and longevity can reduce the need for premature repairs or replacements.

Maintenance:

• Regular Care: Prioritize regular maintenance and care to ensure the longevity and performance of camper walls. This includes cleaning, inspections, and addressing any damage promptly.
• Water Resistance: Water resistance is crucial to prevent moisture-related problems. Materials like filon/fiberglass, aluminum, steel (with proper treatment), and composites offer good water resistance when maintained and sealed properly.
• Sealing and Construction: Proper sealing and construction techniques are vital to prevent water infiltration. Ensure that seams, joints, and openings are correctly sealed.
• Mold and Rot Prevention: Materials like filon/fiberglass, with their gelcoat layer, help prevent mold and rot. For materials like wood, manufacturers often apply treatments and coatings to enhance moisture resistance.
• Refinishing and Repairs: Some materials may require periodic refinishing to restore their appearance. For example, filon/fiberglass may need maintenance due to fading or wear over time.

Frequently asked questions