Gas Guzzling Campers: How Much Fuel Do They Need?

When it comes to towing a camper, there are several factors that can influence how much gas you'll need and, consequently, how much it will cost to fill up your tank. The most significant factor is the weight of the camper, with heavier campers resulting in greater fuel consumption. Other elements, such as aerodynamics, trailer quality, driving skills, and vehicle size, also play a role in fuel efficiency. Additionally, the type of fuel used, diesel or gasoline, can impact mileage, with diesel engines typically being more efficient but also more expensive. The location of fuel purchases can also affect costs due to varying fuel taxes and prices across states. On average, a vehicle's gas mileage decreases by about seven miles per gallon when towing a camper, but proper maintenance and driving habits can help maximize efficiency.

Weight of the camper

The weight of the camper is a critical factor in determining the amount of gas required to pull it. The general rule of thumb is that towing a camper will cause a loss of about seven miles per gallon on average. However, this number can vary significantly depending on the weight of the camper, with heavier campers resulting in greater fuel consumption.

The weight of the camper, along with aerodynamics and size, are the primary factors influencing the impact on fuel efficiency. A heavier camper will require more force to achieve the same acceleration as a lighter one, as per Newton's second law of force being mass times acceleration. Therefore, it is advisable to opt for a lighter camper made from materials such as fiberglass instead of aluminum. Additionally, choosing a smaller camper is an effective way to reduce weight, as a smaller size typically equates to a lighter weight.

The engine size of the tow vehicle also plays a role in fuel efficiency. A larger engine will be less affected by towing a camper, while a smaller engine will experience a more significant decrease in gas mileage. For example, a truck with a larger engine that gets 15 miles per gallon may not notice a significant change when pulling a small popup camper. On the other hand, a small four-cylinder car may lose 10 miles per gallon while towing the same load.

When purchasing a camper, it is essential to consider the additional weight it will add to your setup. Some campers are heavier due to features such as sturdier suspensions or additional equipment. However, it is important to evaluate whether you require all these features, as they will contribute to increased fuel consumption. Always aim to buy the lightest camper that meets your needs.

The weight of the items you pack in your camper also matters. Overpacking can lead to a significant decrease in fuel efficiency. For every 45 kilograms of added weight, your fuel efficiency decreases by approximately 2%. It is worth noting that car manufacturers often calculate fuel efficiency based on a weight of around 136 kilograms, which does not account for passengers and luggage. Therefore, it is crucial to be mindful of the weight you add to your vehicle and camper to minimize the impact on fuel consumption.

Aerodynamics of the camper

The aerodynamics of a camper play a significant role in determining the gas mileage of the vehicle towing it. Here are some key insights into the aerodynamics of campers and how they impact fuel efficiency:

Aerodynamic Design of Campers

The shape of a camper can significantly influence its aerodynamic performance. Wind tunnel studies have revealed that the most aerodynamic designs are those that are rounded at both the front and back on all sides. This shape reduces drag and improves gas mileage. Additionally, designs that are tapered or narrower at the back when compared to the front can also enhance aerodynamics.

Impact of Aerodynamics on Fuel Efficiency

The more aerodynamic a camper is, the less it will affect the fuel consumption of the towing vehicle. This is especially noticeable when towing longer campers at higher speeds. The drag created by a camper increases as the speed rises, leading to higher fuel consumption. By improving the aerodynamics of the camper, you can minimize this effect and achieve better gas mileage.

Aerodynamic Accessories for Campers

There are various aerodynamic products available on the market that can be attached to campers to improve their airflow. These include wind deflectors, which help reduce turbulence and drag between the towing vehicle and the camper. Other examples include side mirrors, vent covers, and protective guards that streamline the profile of the camper, making it easier for air to flow around it.

Comparison with Other Factors

While aerodynamics play a crucial role in fuel efficiency, other factors also come into play. The weight of the camper is often considered the most critical factor, with heavier campers leading to a more significant drop in mileage. The size of the camper and the towing vehicle also matter, as a smaller camper being towed by a larger vehicle will experience less drag. Additionally, the engine size of the towing vehicle can mitigate the impact of towing on fuel consumption.

In conclusion, the aerodynamics of a camper are an essential aspect of minimizing the impact on gas mileage when towing. By understanding the principles of airflow and utilizing aerodynamic designs and accessories, you can optimize the performance of your camper setup and achieve better fuel efficiency on your journeys.

Size of the tow vehicle

The size of the tow vehicle is a crucial factor in determining the gas mileage when pulling a camper. Here are some key considerations regarding the size of the tow vehicle:

• Height and Width of the Tow Vehicle: The height and width of the tow vehicle play a significant role in fuel consumption. When the camper is fully situated behind the tow vehicle, you will experience less drag, resulting in improved gas mileage.
• Engine Size: The engine size of the tow vehicle also affects fuel efficiency. A larger engine will have a lesser impact on fuel consumption when towing a camper, while a smaller engine will be more negatively affected. For example, a truck with a larger engine may not experience a significant change in fuel consumption when pulling a small pop-up camper, whereas a small four-cylinder car may lose up to 10 miles per gallon when towing the same load.
• Towing Capacity: It is essential to match the towing capacity of your vehicle with the weight of the camper. Exceeding the towing capacity can lead to trailer sway, inefficient towing, and potential engine damage over time.
• Payload Capacity: Payload capacity refers to the weight your vehicle can safely carry in the bed and cab combined. This includes cargo, luggage, passengers, or items in the bed of a truck. When considering a truck camper, ensure that the payload capacity can accommodate the weight of the camper.
• Tongue Weight and Tongue Weight Capacity: Tongue weight refers to the amount of weight exerted on the tow vehicle's hitch. It is crucial to ensure that the tongue weight does not exceed the vehicle's tongue weight capacity.
• Axle Ratios: Axle ratios impact the towing capacity and fuel efficiency of the vehicle. Taller axle ratios, such as 3.73 or 4.10, will have the engine revving higher, providing more torque and horsepower. Shorter axle ratios, like 3.15 or 3.29, will result in better fuel mileage but lower towing capacity.
• Towing Packages and Suspension Options: When purchasing a tow vehicle, look for heavy-duty suspension packages, transmission oil coolers, upgraded shocks, and hitch receivers. These features help protect the transmission, improve handling, and enhance towing performance.
• Gas Tank Size: Larger gas tanks are advantageous when towing a camper as they provide a greater range and reduce the need for frequent refuelling stops.
• Vehicle Weight and GVWR: The weight of the tow vehicle itself, including its gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), plays a role in determining its towing capacity. Heavier vehicles with higher GVWRs can typically handle larger loads.

Fuel type

The fuel type of your vehicle and camper will have a significant impact on your fuel costs. Diesel is a more efficient fuel source than gasoline, with diesel engines getting 12 to 15% more power out of a gallon of fuel. This makes diesel engines more efficient and better suited for towing than gasoline engines.

However, diesel fuel also tends to be more expensive and harder to find than gasoline. It is not available at all gas stations, so it is important to plan your route and know where you can refuel with diesel.

The type of fuel your RV uses will also depend on its class. Class A RVs, which are the heaviest models, typically use diesel fuel. Class B RVs, which are smaller and more fuel-efficient, usually use gasoline. Class C RVs, which fall between Class A and Class B in terms of size and fuel efficiency, may use either diesel or gasoline.

In addition to fuel type, the size of your RV's fuel tank will also affect your fuel costs. Larger tanks can hold more fuel and will be less expensive to fill up, but they will also add weight to your vehicle, reducing fuel efficiency.

When budgeting for an RV trip, it is important to consider not only the fuel type and tank size but also the distance you will be traveling, the terrain, your speed, and the current fuel prices in your area.

Location of purchase

The location of purchase can have a significant impact on the cost of filling up an RV. Fuel taxes vary from state to state, and this variation in fuel taxes will be reflected in the price of the fuel. For example, Texas, Alabama, Mississippi, and South Carolina have some of the cheapest diesel prices in the US, while California, Nevada, and Hawaii tend to have much higher prices.

The time of year can also cause price swings, with fuel generally being cheaper in the winter months when there is less demand. In the spring and summer, when more people are travelling, prices tend to rise.

It is also worth noting that diesel fuel tends to be more expensive than gasoline, and these price differences can vary between states.

Frequently asked questions