Maintaining Lp Gas Pressure In Your Camper

LP, or liquefied petroleum, is a crucial energy source for campers and RVs, powering generators and appliances such as refrigerators, stoves, and water heaters. LP gas is produced by processing natural gas and refining crude oil, and it is a mixture of hydrocarbons propane and butane. When placed under modest pressure, LP-gas liquefies and can be stored in portable cylinders or tanks, making it ideal for transportation and use in campers. To ensure safety, LP-gas is odourless, but a chemical is added to give it a distinct odour in case of a leak.

The pressure of LP-gas in a camper system is an important consideration. The pressure is regulated to maintain a manageable flow and prevent issues such as hose ruptures or explosions. Most RVs use a two-stage propane regulator, which lowers the pressure in two steps: the first stage reduces it to around 10-15 psi, and the second stage further decreases it to about 11 inches of water column. This ensures that the gas pressure won't damage the appliances it's delivered to.

It's important to keep the vents of the propane regulator clean and pointed downwards to prevent debris from entering. Additionally, it is recommended to replace the regulator every ten to fifteen years, even if it seems to be functioning correctly.

Propane tank safety

Propane is a highly efficient and portable energy source used in campers to cool fridges, cook food, and heat water. However, it is a combustible fuel, and propane tank safety is paramount to prevent accidents. Here are some essential tips to ensure safe handling of propane tanks in campers:

Keep the Tank in the Proper Position

Portable propane tanks in campers should always be kept in the upright position with the valve handle on top. When the valve is turned on, the liquid propane at the bottom boils, creating pressurised gas that exits from the top. If the tank is sideways or upside down, the gas pressure can force liquid propane out, potentially damaging the system. Specific locations in campers are designed to strap propane tanks in the upright position, even when not in use.

Regularly Inspect Your Tank

Steel propane tanks hold pressure well unless compromised. Regularly inspect your tank for rust, corrosion, unusual bulges, and large dents. Rust weakens the tank by breaking down iron in the steel, and any visible dents or bulges indicate a compromised tank that should be inspected by a qualified technician. Repainting tanks with rust-preventing paint is an excellent way to stop rust progression, but ensure you don't cover up potential problems.

Requalify Your Tanks

Propane tanks must be requalified 12 years after the manufacture date, stamped on the collar, and every five years thereafter. This involves a visual inspection to ensure the tank remains safe for use.

Inspect Hoses and Vents

Inspect all hoses and vents periodically for damage and obstructions. Hoses can develop micro-leaks over time, and vents can become blocked by debris, insects, or small animals, creating a fire hazard. Check the heating system vent, water heater vent, and refrigerator vent for any blockages and ensure they are clear and functional.

Understand the Propane Regulator

The propane regulator's job is to regulate the pressure from the tank to a usable level. It ensures that the propane flame is suitable for cooking rather than becoming a flamethrower. Inspect the regulator for damage, and ensure it is free from dirt and grime. If the propane isn't working or the flames are yellow instead of blue, it may indicate a failing regulator that needs replacement.

Install Propane Safety Equipment

Propane leaks are a significant safety concern. Devices like GasStop can help by acting as an automatic shut-off valve in case of a major leak and detecting minor leaks. Additionally, carbon monoxide and smoke detectors are required by law in campers. These detectors should be tested monthly and replaced as per their expiration dates. Always carry a working fire extinguisher and ensure you know how to use it.

Propane storage and transportation

Propane is a highly efficient, clean, and portable energy source. It is stored as a liquid, which is ideal as it allows for a large amount of propane to be stored in a small space. Propane is stored in steel tanks, which come in various sizes, although 20-pound and 30-pound tanks are the most common for RVs.

Propane tanks can be transported in RVs, but it is important to follow safety guidelines. Propane tanks have an over-pressure release valve, which will open if the tank gets too hot or if the tank is overfilled. Therefore, when transporting a propane tank, it is crucial to ensure it is in an upright position and that the valve is at the top. This will prevent liquid propane from being forced out of the tank, which can damage the components of a system designed for vapour.

Propane tanks should be stored and transported in an airtight box, with a lid at the top and a vent at the bottom. This is because propane is heavier than air, so in the event of a leak, it will sink downwards. The vent will allow any leaked propane to escape outside the vehicle. It is also important to have a propane leak detector installed, to alert you of any leaks.

Propane tanks should be inspected regularly for rust and corrosion, which can weaken the tank over time. Repainting a tank with rust-preventing paint can help to stop rust from spreading. Additionally, tanks must be requalified 12 years after their manufacturing date, and then every five years after that.

Propane tank inspection

Propane is a highly flammable liquid and gas stored at high pressure, so it's important to regularly inspect your tanks for safety. Here are some detailed tips for inspecting your propane tank:

Inspect the Tank for Damage:

Look for any signs of damage to the cylinder or welds, such as dents, cracks, rust, pitting, or fire damage. Ensure there is no missing foot ring, collar, or valve cover. These components are essential for safe operation.

Check the Valve:

The valve is a critical component of the propane tank. Test it for any leaks or defects in the pressure release mechanism. This includes checking the pressure relief valve, which releases pressure if the tank is overfilled. Additionally, the valve has an emergency shut-off feature that stops the propane flow in case of unregulated pressure release.

Inspect for Corrosion:

Pay close attention to any signs of corrosion, such as rust or pitting. Corrosion can weaken the tank over time and compromise its integrity.

Check the Recertification Date:

Propane tanks have a limited certification period, typically between 5 and 12 years, depending on the type of inspection and testing performed. Look for the manufacturing date stamped on the collar of the tank. This date will help you determine if the tank is due for recertification.

Inspect Mounting Hardware (Motorhomes):

If you have a motorhome, inspect the mounting hardware for wear and rust, in addition to inspecting the tank itself. Ensure that all components are secure and in good condition.

Requalify Tanks Periodically:

As of current regulations, propane tanks must be requalified 12 years after the date of manufacture, and then every five years thereafter. This information should be stamped on the collar of the tank.

Consider Repainting with Rust-Preventing Paint:

While it's a personal choice to repaint your tank, doing so can help stop rust from progressing and protect the tank. However, it's important to have a qualified technician inspect the tank if there is significant rust to ensure there are no serious underlying issues.

Inspect Hoses and Vents:

In addition to the tank itself, periodically examine all visible hoses that connect to your RV. Check for any cracking, damage, or signs of leaks. Also, inspect the vents for debris, insects, or small animals, as these can create a fire hazard.

Check the Regulator:

The propane regulator is responsible for regulating the pressure of propane from the tank to a usable level. While there isn't much to inspect, ensure it is free from dirt and road grime. If you notice any issues with your propane appliances, such as yellow burner flames instead of blue, it may be a sign that your regulator needs attention.

Remember, safety should always be a top priority when dealing with propane. By regularly inspecting your propane tank and following the above tips, you can help ensure a safe and enjoyable camping experience.

Propane regulator maintenance

Propane regulators are essential for maintaining the propane system in your camper or RV. Here are some tips for propane regulator maintenance:

Regular Inspections

Inspect your propane regulator regularly for any signs of damage, dirt, or grime. Look out for yellow flames, popping noises, soot deposits, or leaks, as these may indicate that it's time to replace your regulator. Keep the vents on the regulator clear of dirt, debris, ice, and small animals, as these can clog the holes and impact performance. Ensure that the regulator's second-stage vent is oriented downward to allow condensation to drain and prevent debris from entering.

Proper Installation

When installing a propane regulator, make sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions. Turn off the propane tanks, empty the gas lines, and remove the old regulator (if applicable). Wrap the gas line threads with yellow plumber's tape to prevent leaks and ensure a snug fit. Screw the regulator onto the gas line, followed by the line(s) from the regulator to the propane tank(s). Finally, open the propane tank valve and check for any signs of leaks, such as a hissing noise or bubbles when brushing the connections with soapy water.

Replacing Regulators

Propane regulators typically have a lifespan of 10 to 15 years. After this period, they should be replaced. If you experience issues with your propane system, such as a lack of propane flow or appliances not receiving enough propane, it may be necessary to reset or replace the regulator. If you suspect a leak at the regulator or smell propane near it, the regulator should be replaced.

Safety Precautions

Never attempt to adjust the pressure on a propane regulator, as this requires specialized knowledge and tools. Always turn off your propane tanks and empty the gas lines before performing any maintenance or repairs. Be cautious when handling propane, as it is a combustible fuel.

Additional Maintenance Tips

• Ensure your propane tanks are in the upright position, especially during use.
• Requalify your propane tanks every 12 years and inspect them for rust, corrosion, bulges, and dents.
• Consider repainting your tank with rust-preventing paint to stop rust progression.
• If using two propane tanks, look for a regulator with an automatic changeover feature.
• Cover your propane regulator to protect it from the elements and maximize its lifespan.

Propane safety equipment

Propane is a popular fuel source for camping, used for cooking, refrigeration, and heating. However, as with all fuel sources, it can be dangerous if not handled correctly. Here are some essential propane safety equipment and precautions to follow when using propane while camping:

• Carbon Monoxide Detector: Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas produced when burning fuel. It can be deadly, even in small amounts. A working CO detector is required by law in RVs and should be installed in trailers that don't have one. Test the detector monthly and replace it every 5-7 years.
• Smoke Detector: A working smoke detector is also required by law in RVs and is crucial for early detection of fires. Test it monthly and replace it when needed.
• Fire Extinguisher: All RVs are required to have a fire extinguisher, usually located next to the door. Ensure you know how to use it properly.
• Propane Detector: Propane is heavier than air and can settle at the bottom of the RV. A propane detector placed low to the ground can detect leaks before they become dangerous. Test it monthly and replace it when needed.
• GasStop Device: The GasStop device acts as an automatic shut-off valve in case of a major propane leak. It can also help detect minor leaks and has an active propane gauge.
• Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation in your RV, tent, or camper. Propane is heavier than air, so adequate ventilation is crucial to prevent gas buildup in case of a leak.
• Regulators: Use a propane regulator to control the pressure of propane from the tank. A two-stage regulator is required in RVs to reduce the pressure to a safe level.
• Overfill-Prevention Devices: DOT cylinders should have overfill-prevention devices (OPD) to prevent cylinders from being filled more than 80% of their capacity, allowing room for propane vapor and thermal expansion.
• Relief Valves: DOT cylinders and ASME tanks have relief valves that open to release vapor and reduce pressure if it becomes dangerously high.
• Step-Down Regulators: Step-down regulators are important for long hoses connecting cylinders in separate compartments, as seen in fifth-wheel trailers. They reduce pressure and prevent condensation.
• Excess-Flow Valves: These valves limit the propane flow to approximately 10% in the event of a leak, providing additional safety.
• Thermal Shut-Offs: Found in ACME nuts, thermal shut-offs stop the propane flow in case of a fire.

Additional Propane Safety Precautions:

• Store Propane Cylinders Properly: Keep cylinders upright in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from heat sources and direct sunlight. Ensure they are stable and won't be easily tipped over.
• Check for Leaks: Before using any propane equipment, check for leaks by applying soapy water or leak solution to fuel cylinder connections and looking for bubbles.
• Never Leave Appliances Burning: Always turn off stoves, cookers, or lanterns before turning in for the night.
• Use Appliances in a Well-Ventilated Area: When using propane stoves or cookers, ensure they are on a level surface in an open, well-ventilated area away from flammable materials.
• Safe Handling and Storage: Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for safe handling and storage of propane cylinders.
• Properly Dispose of Cylinders: Do not refill single-use cylinders (DOT-39). Contact a qualified refiller to determine if a cylinder can be refilled. Dispose of or recycle empty cylinders properly, following park rules and guidelines.

Frequently asked questions