Converting Transit Vans: Camper Costs And Considerations

how much to convert a transit van into a camper

Converting a transit van into a camper can be a fun but challenging project. The cost of such a conversion can vary widely, depending on factors such as the size of the van, the level of luxury desired, and whether you opt for a DIY or professional conversion.

For a basic small van conversion, costs can start around $7,000, while a larger model with luxurious features and high-end appliances can go up to $100,000 or more.

If you're handy and have the time, a DIY conversion can be a more affordable option. A simple DIY conversion can be done for around $3,500, as detailed by a solo female traveller who converted a used Ford Transit into an off-grid mobile home. However, more extensive DIY conversions can cost upwards of $25,000, depending on the features included.

On the other hand, hiring a professional company to convert your van will typically result in a higher-quality, more reliable build, but it will also increase the cost. Professional van conversion companies often offer customisation options, with prices ranging from $30,000 to over $200,000, depending on the level of luxury and the features included.

Therefore, whether you choose to go the DIY route or hire a professional, the cost of converting a transit van into a camper can vary significantly, depending on your specific needs, preferences, and budget.

Characteristics Values
Basic small Ford Transit van conversion $7,000
Larger model with a luxurious conversion $100,000
Budget professional van conversion $8,998
Mid-range professional van conversion $25,000 to $45,000
Luxury professional van conversion $65,000 to $100,000
Average cost of a camper van conversion £4,600
Average spent on a base vehicle for a camper van £7,800
Average time spent converting the van 445 hours
Average hourly rate £10/hr
Average cost of a camper van conversion including the vehicle, build and time spent £16,850
Average cost of a large camper van conversion £2,000 to £10,000
Average cost of a small camper van conversion £1,000 to £5,000
Average cost of a pre-built camper £5,000 to £30,000
Average cost of a brand new motorhome £50,000 to £150,000

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Budgeting for the conversion

Determine the Scope and Features:

Before starting, decide on the scope and features you want in your camper van. Do you want a basic conversion with essential amenities, or are you aiming for a luxurious mobile home? Consider your must-have features, such as sleeping arrangements, kitchen facilities, water systems, electrical setup, and climate control. Prioritise your needs and wants to allocate your budget effectively.

Assess the Cost of Materials:

The cost of materials will depend on the size of your van and the level of customisation. Here are some estimates for different types of conversions:

  • Basic small van conversion:section-title> Starting around $8,998, including essential features like a full-size mattress, bench seat, LED lights, and a simple electrical system.
  • Mid-range conversion: $25,000 to $45,000. This includes upgrades like a kitchenette, better insulation, and a small toilet.
  • Luxury conversion: $65,000 to $100,000 or more. Expect high-end appliances, custom cabinets, solar panels, advanced electrical systems, and premium finishes.

Laboursection-title>

Labour costs can vary depending on whether you opt for a professional conversion or choose to DIY. Professional conversions offer experience and quality but come with a higher price tag. DIY conversions can save costs but require significant time, planning, and specialised knowledge. Consider your skills, available time, and comfort level with different tasks.

Windows, Vents, and Exterior:

Windows and vents are essential for natural light, ventilation, and comfort. You can choose to install them yourself or hire a professional. Bonded window panes cost around $100-$200 per window, while motorhome-style windows are more expensive, ranging from $450-$600 each. Skylights and fans can enhance ventilation and lighting, but they will add to the cost.

Insulation:

Insulation is crucial for temperature control and sound deadening. The cost will depend on the size of your van and the type of insulation you choose. Expect to spend at least a few hundred dollars on insulation materials.

Cladding and Flooring:

Cladding and flooring can add up, especially if you opt for high-end materials. Consider using local timber merchants, which often offer better prices and quality than big hardware chains. Reclaimed materials or leftovers from home renovation projects can also save costs but may add weight.

Kitchen and Seating:

The kitchen and seating area can vary widely in cost. Basic kitchenettes with a small fridge and stove cost around $4,000, while luxurious kitchens with custom countertops and appliances can add $7,000-$12,000 to your budget. Consider buying second-hand appliances or setting up alerts for deals on new items.

Gas and Heating:

Gas and heating systems can be expensive, with professional installation costing around $800. You can opt for a DIY installation but exercise extreme caution and consider getting it checked by a professional afterwards. Look for second-hand heaters or alternative heating sources to save money.

Decorating and Furnishing:

Decorating and furnishing costs depend on your personal preferences. Reusing or repurposing items you already own, buying second-hand furniture, or finding deals on new items can help reduce costs. Curtains, cushions, and blankets can be sourced affordably, while items like tiles and curtain tracks may require a larger budget.

Electrical System:

A robust electrical system is crucial for your comfort and powering appliances. Basic setups for lighting and charging might cost around $3,000, while more complex systems to run appliances like induction cooktops or air conditioning can range from $6,000 to $12,000.section-title>

Water System:

The cost of your water system will depend on its complexity. Basic setups with a water pump and tanks can start at $1,500, while more advanced systems with on-demand hot water and outdoor showers can cost up to $6,500.

Exterior Upgrades:

Exterior add-ons like roof racks and awnings enhance your outdoor space but come at a price. Roof racks for high-roof vans can range from $2,000 to $6,000, while manual awnings start at $1,500, and electric retractable awnings can go up to $3,500.

Windows and Ventilation:

In addition to natural light, consider the number and placement of windows for proper ventilation. Basic slider windows start at $450, while larger sliding or awning-style windows can cost up to $1,100 each. Don't forget to factor in labour costs for installation.

Contingency Budget:

It's always a good idea to have a contingency budget to cover unexpected costs or changes in plans. Set aside 10-20% of your total budget as a buffer to handle any surprises that may arise during the conversion process.

Timescale and Deadlines:

Finally, consider the timescale for your project. Conversions can take longer than expected, so set a realistic timeline and try to avoid rushing to meet deadlines. If you plan to hire professionals, keep in mind that they may have waiting lists, affecting your overall schedule.

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Choosing the right van

Van Size and Dimensions:

  • The size of the van is crucial as it determines how you can design the interior layout. Consider your activities, wishes, and lifestyle when deciding on the van's dimensions.
  • Vans are typically categorized by length (L) and height (H), with smaller vans labelled L1 H1 and larger ones as L4 H3.
  • For a comfortable full-time living experience, opt for a high roof van, especially if you plan to spend significant time indoors or in cold/wet climates.
  • Longer and wider vans offer more space and comfort, especially if you're travelling with a partner.
  • Larger vans may have lower fuel efficiency and can be challenging to drive and park, so consider your needs and usage carefully.

Van Weight and Mileage:

  • Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) is an important factor, as it includes the weight of the van, your conversion, belongings, and passengers. Ensure you don't exceed the GVW rating, typically 3.5 tons for most panel vans.
  • Consider your intended usage and mileage. Older vans with higher mileage may require more maintenance and have higher operating costs.
  • If you need to carry heavy gear or equipment, look for vans with a higher GVW, such as certain Mercedes Sprinter models.
  • Be mindful of the requirements for driving heavier vehicles, as you may need an additional category on your driver's license.

Van Make and Model:

  • Popular choices for conversion include the Ford Transit, Mercedes-Benz Sprinter, and Dodge Ram Promaster, each offering unique features and benefits.
  • The Ford Transit is versatile, has a good gas engine, and comes in various sizes. It's also relatively easy to find parts and get it serviced.
  • The Mercedes-Benz Sprinter is a top choice for its versatility, reliability, and longevity, but it comes with a higher price tag.
  • The Dodge Ram Promaster offers the most interior design space due to its wider shell and fewer curves, making it ideal for custom builds.
  • Consider the availability of parts, complexity of mechanics, safety features, and the overall technical state of the van when choosing a make and model.

Budget and Maintenance:

  • Your budget will play a significant role in choosing the right van. Newer vans may be more expensive but can offer better fuel efficiency and lower maintenance costs.
  • Used vans can be more affordable, but carefully consider the mileage, age, and service history to gauge potential maintenance needs and costs.
  • Be prepared for maintenance costs by setting aside a budget for the first two years of ownership.
  • If you plan to maintain the van yourself, opt for older models with simpler mechanics and readily available parts.
  • If you prefer professional maintenance, factor in those costs and choose a van that mechanics in your area can service.

Other Considerations:

  • Stealth camping or urban parking: Consider a stealthy van that blends in if you plan to camp in cities or park overnight in urban areas.
  • Off-road capabilities: If you intend to venture off the beaten path, look for vans with off-road features or consider a 4x4 conversion.
  • Climate and insulation: If you'll be travelling in extreme climates, ensure the van has adequate insulation, and choose a model that can accommodate any necessary modifications.
  • Safety and security: Older vans may have fewer safety features, so consider adding security features like additional locks to deter break-ins.

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Insulation and ventilation

Insulation

Insulation is crucial to maintaining a comfortable temperature in your van, especially when travelling in extremely cold or hot climates. It slows the rate of heat transfer, making it easier to heat or cool your van and keeping the interior warmer in winter and cooler in summer. When insulating your van, you need to consider the three types of heat transfer: radiation, conduction, and convection.

  • Radiation is heat transferred through air or a vacuum, such as through your van's windows. Reflective window coverings can help reflect radiant heat away from the van, keeping the interior cooler.
  • Conduction is heat transferred through solid surfaces, like your van's metal skin. Insulating the walls, ceiling, and floor of your van will slow down this process and reduce heat transfer.
  • Convection is heat transfer through liquid or gas, like the air in your van. Hot air rises towards the ceiling while cool air sinks, creating airflow and affecting the internal climate.

When choosing insulation materials, consider the following factors:

  • High R-value per inch: Space is limited in a van, so choose materials that provide the most insulation in the least amount of space.
  • Cost-effectiveness: Balance your budget with the insulation's effectiveness. Some materials may be too expensive for the level of insulation they provide.
  • Ability to withstand vibration: Insulation should be able to handle the vibrations from driving without falling apart.
  • Resistance to moisture, mould, and mildew: Choose materials that are impervious to moisture or have natural moisture control and mould resistance properties.
  • Non-toxicity: Avoid materials that release harmful gases or particles into your small living space.
  • Havelock Sheep's Wool Insulation: Eco-friendly, sustainable, and breathable insulation with sound dampening properties. It controls moisture, sequesters carbon, and is easy to install. However, it may require online ordering and has a lower R-value per inch than foam board, taking up more interior space.
  • 3M Thinsulate Insulation SM600L: Effective, non-toxic, and easy-to-install insulation with sound dampening properties. It is breathable, hydrophobic, and more expensive than sheep's wool, with a lower R-value per inch.
  • Foamular XPS Rigid Foam Insulation: Rigid foam board insulation with a high compressive strength, making it ideal for floor insulation. It is effective, cheap, and can also be used for walls and ceilings on a budget.
  • EZ-Cool Radiant Barrier Closed Cell Foam Insulation: A radiant barrier with foil wrapped around a core of closed-cell foam, making it more effective than similar products. It can be layered over your van's frame ribs to create a thermal break and prevent heat transfer.

Ventilation

Adequate ventilation is essential to maintaining a healthy and comfortable environment in your transit van. It helps regulate airflow, bringing in fresh air while removing stale, damp, and odorous air. Proper ventilation combats heat, humidity, condensation, and pollutants, creating a pleasant living space.

There are two types of ventilation systems:

  • Passive ventilation uses natural air currents and the buoyancy of hot air to circulate air. It works without power and is generally cheaper and more reliable, but may be less effective in higher temperatures and can cause draughts in cold or windy conditions.
  • Active ventilation, or power-driven fans, constantly work to ventilate your van as long as there is a power source. They can be more effective, especially in extreme weather conditions, but require maintenance and only operate when the fan is on.

When designing your ventilation system, consider the following:

  • Ventilation positioning: Place vents at different heights to create a circulatory system. A lower vent draws in cool, fresh air, while a higher vent allows hot, stale air to escape.
  • Surrounding environment: The climate and your activities will affect your ventilation needs. More ventilation is required in hot climates, while colder places need ventilation to combat condensation and humidity. Cooking and showering also increase the need for ventilation to reduce smells, heat, and humidity.
  • Opening windows: The simplest and cheapest option is to open the cab windows. However, this provides limited ventilation and leaves your van unsecured and vulnerable to rain and insects.
  • Window wind deflectors: These allow you to leave your windows open while providing some security and rain protection. They are cheap and easy to install but rely on manual airflow and may not provide enough ventilation in warmer weather.
  • Additional campervan windows: Installing extra opening windows improves airflow in the living space. They can be locked partially open and help expel heat, smells, and moisture. However, they require physical alterations to your van and may not be effective in extreme heat.
  • Campervan wall and floor vents: These vents provide constant air circulation without the need for open windows. They are more secure and inconspicuous but don't let in natural light. Most are passive vents that work silently and maintenance-free but can create draughts in cold or windy conditions.
  • 12V vent: This powered wall vent is the only type of active wall ventilation. It draws air in or expels it out but can be noisy and requires a power source.
  • Roof vents: These vents come in passive and active varieties and can double as skylights, providing natural light and excellent ventilation. They can be expensive and may interfere with roof storage or solar panels.

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Electrical and gas installation

Gas Installation

The gas system in your camper van will be vital to a successful and comfortable build. You can run a gas water heater, a gas heater, and a gas stove through your gas installation.

You have two options for your gas bottles: refillable and replaceable. Replaceable gas bottles are designed to be removed from the camper van installation and replaced when empty. Refillable gas bottles, on the other hand, are permanent installations that can be refuelled via a filling point in the side of the van.

You will also need to decide between propane, butane, and LPG. Butane is more efficient but doesn't work below 0°C, so if you're travelling in cold climates, propane is the better option as it works in freezing temperatures. LPG is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases, including propane and butane, and is often referred to as autogas.

Electrical Installation

The electrical system in your camper van will be one of the most expensive systems in your van conversion. It will also be one of the most challenging parts of your build, but it is essential if you want power.

There are three general sections to a complete camper van electrical system:

  • Power Storage: Batteries store the power required to run electrical devices.
  • Power Out: The loads that require power from the batteries to operate.
  • Power In: The charge sources that supply power to the batteries.

You can charge your batteries in a few different ways:

  • Solar panels: These convert sunlight into usable power.
  • Vehicle alternator: Connecting to the alternator allows the battery to charge while the engine runs.
  • Shore power: This involves plugging the battery into the electric grid via an external socket, usually found at a campsite or home.
  • Generator: Portable generators use gasoline or propane to create power, which is then fed to the batteries.

When it comes to batteries, you have a few options:

  • Flooded Lead-Acid (FLA): These require regular maintenance and are not recommended.
  • Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM): AGM batteries are a more realistic solution but tend to have a lower upfront cost.
  • Lithium-Ion (LiFePO4): Lithium batteries have a longer lifespan and are now a more affordable option.

You will also need to calculate your ideal battery size. Most individual batteries have a power capacity of 100Ah, but you can combine multiple batteries to increase the total power capacity.

When it comes to wiring, you can wire batteries together in parallel or in series. Wiring in parallel will increase the total power capacity, while wiring in series will increase the voltage.

Finally, you will need to select the correct wire gauge. This will depend on the current of the load and the distance that load has to travel. You will also want to add extra protection to your electrical system with fuses, wire sheath, and wire conduit.

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Interior design and furnishings

Flooring

When it comes to flooring, you have a variety of options to choose from. Some people opt for plywood or vinyl sheet flooring, which can be glued down and secured with bricks while the adhesive dries. Others may prefer to use reclaimed materials or buy from local timber merchants for a more cost-effective and unique look. Insulation is also an important consideration for flooring, with some people using reflectix insulation or similar products to help regulate the temperature in the van.

Walls and Ceiling

The walls and ceiling of your van can be insulated using reflectix and pure safety insulation, which will help keep the van warm in colder months. For the ceiling, you may want to consider using a product like MaxxFan or FantasticFan to ensure proper ventilation and temperature control. For the walls themselves, panelling is a popular option, with faux wood or real wood panelling readily available. It's important to measure and cut the panelling carefully to ensure a snug fit, and you may need to trim the panelling around any fixtures or windows.

Bed and Storage

The bed frame and storage units can be built using scrap wood or plywood, with the option to add hinge doors or lids for easy access. When designing the layout, consider how you want to utilise the space. For example, you could have a small bed with a table and couch, or you could convert it into a larger bed when needed. Upholstering the bed and adding cushions can also enhance comfort.

Kitchen

The kitchen area is often considered the heart of the van, and there are several options to consider. A simple kitchenette with a small fridge and propane stove can be cost-effective, while a more luxurious kitchen with custom countertops, high-end appliances, and custom cabinetry will increase the overall cost. A sink with a hand pump faucet or a self-rimming undermount sink is a practical addition, and don't forget to include storage options for pots, pans, and other kitchen essentials.

Lighting and Electrical System

LED strip lighting or touch-controlled lamps can enhance the ambiance of your van and provide task lighting where needed. For the electrical system, consider your power needs and budget. A basic setup for lighting, charging devices, and a refrigerator might cost around $3000, while a more complex system to support appliances like an induction cooktop or air conditioning could range from $6000 to $12,000. Solar panels are also an option for generating electricity, especially if you plan to spend time off-grid.

Windows and Ventilation

Windows and skylights are important for natural light and ventilation. Consider the placement of windows to maximise light and airflow, and don't forget to add curtains or blinds for privacy. Skylights can also help brighten up the space and make it feel more spacious. Additionally, a proper ventilation system is essential to remove water vapour and heat, especially if you plan to include a shower and bathroom in your conversion.

Furniture and Decor

To make your van feel like home, add comfortable seating and storage options. You can either build custom furniture to fit your space or opt for pre-built units that can be easily installed. Decorations, cushions, blankets, and curtains can add a personal touch and make the space feel cosy.

Frequently asked questions

The average cost of converting a transit van into a camper can vary depending on the size of the van and the level of customization. A basic small van conversion can start around $7,000, while a larger model with luxurious features can cost up to $100,000 or more. On average, converting a small camper van can cost between $1,000 and $5,000, while a large camper van can cost between $2,000 and $10,000.

Some key factors that can impact the cost include the size and type of van, the extent of customization, and the choice between a DIY or professional conversion. Larger vans and high-end features tend to increase the cost. Additionally, opting for a professional conversion will generally be more expensive but can offer higher-quality results.

Common expenses include insulation, windows, flooring, kitchen appliances, electrical systems, water systems, heating and ventilation, furniture, and decorations. These expenses can vary in price depending on the chosen features and level of customization.

Yes, there may be hidden costs associated with labor, professional installation of electrical and plumbing systems, and ongoing maintenance. Additionally, insurance, registration, and site fees may apply when using the converted camper van.

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