Transforming An Enclosed Trailer Into A Cozy Camper

how to make my encosed trailer I to camper

Converting an enclosed trailer into a camper is a great way to save money and create a custom-built camper. It is a challenging project that can take anywhere from a month to a few years, depending on the complexity of the design and how often you work on it. The first step is to plan the layout and do thorough research. This is followed by framing and insulating the trailer, installing electrical and solar power, plumbing, and finishing the walls and floors. The cost of converting an enclosed trailer into a camper can range from \$7,000 to \$15,000, making it a more affordable option than buying a traditional RV.

Characteristics Values
Cost Between $7,000 and $15,000
Time Between 1 month and a few years
Weight Under 4,000 lbs
Power Solar panels, electrical wiring, and batteries
Water 5-gallon tank/bucket and a 5-gallon grey water tank/bucket
Toilet Chemical port-a-potty or composting toilet
Shower Solar shower bag or commercially available shower tent
Heating Propane-fuelled space heater

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Choosing the right cargo trailer

When choosing the right cargo trailer for your camper conversion, there are several key factors to consider: size, weight capacity, and construction quality.

Firstly, the size of the trailer is important to ensure that it meets your space requirements. Consider how much living space you will need, taking into account the number of people who will be using the camper and the desired level of comfort. Additionally, think about the size of the amenities you plan to install, such as a kitchen, bathroom, and sleeping area.

Secondly, weight capacity is a crucial factor. The trailer's weight capacity should accommodate the weight of your belongings, fixtures, and any additional cargo you plan to carry. It is essential to stay within the trailer's weight limit to ensure safe towing.

Lastly, construction quality plays a vital role in ensuring a solid foundation for your conversion. Look for a trailer with sturdy construction, durable materials, and a well-built frame. Check the trailer's walls, floors, and roof for signs of damage or weakness. A high-quality construction will provide better insulation, durability, and overall comfort for your camper.

It is also worth considering the condition of the trailer. If you are purchasing a used trailer, carefully inspect it for any damage or issues that may impact your conversion plans. Ensure that the trailer is structurally sound and free of corrosion or extensive wear and tear.

By taking these factors into account, you can make an informed decision when choosing the right cargo trailer for your camper conversion project. Remember to take your time, do your research, and select a trailer that aligns with your specific needs and budget.

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Designing the layout

Step 1: Research and Planning

Begin by conducting extensive research. Watch YouTube tutorials, read blog articles, and attend RV shows to learn from the experiences of others. This will help you understand what you like and don't like, and give you ideas about what to do and what not to do. Make a wish list of features you want in your camper, such as a coffee bar, a slide-out gun case, or a spice rack.

Step 2: Draft a Floor Plan

Consider your must-haves and create multiple floor plan variations to see which layout you prefer. Get feedback from those who will be sharing the space with you to identify potential problems. For example, placing a fridge and dishwasher in the same corner may seem like a good idea, but you'll soon discover that you can't open both appliances at the same time.

Step 3: Set a Budget

Your budget will depend on various factors, such as the type and size of the trailer, how you plan to use it, and the cost of supplies in your area. It's easy to get carried away, so give yourself a budget to prevent overspending.

Step 4: Choose the Right Cargo Trailer

When selecting a cargo trailer, consider size, weight capacity, and construction quality. Ensure the trailer has enough space to accommodate your desired layout and that it can withstand the weight of your planned additions.

Step 5: Electrical and Plumbing Considerations

If you plan to include electrical and plumbing in your design, you'll need to run electrical wiring to the desired locations for outlets and lighting. If you're using solar power, install the solar panels on the roof and test the connections before closing up any walls or the ceiling. For plumbing, rough in all your connections to ensure they fit before gluing them together, and then hook up your pipes to your grey and black water tanks.

Step 6: Framing, Insulation, and Finishing

Use 2x4s to frame the walls you want to put up and then insulate between the studs. Finish the walls with 5 mm or plyboard, cutting out spaces for lighting and outlets. You can prime or texture the walls before painting to give them a desired look and feel.

Remember, take your time when planning the layout, be patient during the construction process, and don't be afraid to seek help or advice from professionals or online resources.

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Electrical system installation

Step 1: Plan the Electrical System

Before you start installing the electrical system in your camper trailer, it's important to plan and design the system to ensure it meets your specific needs and is safe and reliable. Consider the following:

  • Battery Bank: Determine the size and type of battery bank you will need. Calculate your power usage and choose a battery bank that can meet your requirements.
  • Charge Sources: Decide on the charge sources you will use, such as solar panels, an alternator, or shore power.
  • Wiring Diagram: Create a comprehensive wiring diagram that shows how all the components of your electrical system will be connected. This will ensure you have the correct wires, cables, fuses, and other components.
  • Overcurrent Protection: Include overcurrent protection devices such as fuses and breakers to protect your electrical system from damage in case of a power surge.
  • Battery Monitoring: Consider installing a battery monitoring system to keep track of your battery's state of charge and ensure you don't deplete your batteries below their recommended levels.

Step 2: Install the Battery Bank

The battery bank is a crucial component of your electrical system, storing energy from the charge sources and supplying power to your devices. Here's what you need to do:

  • Choose the right type of batteries for your needs, considering factors such as cost, weight, dimensions, charge/discharge profile, and temperature resistance.
  • Determine the capacity and number of batteries you need based on your power requirements. You may need to connect batteries in parallel or series to achieve the desired voltage and capacity.
  • Install the batteries securely, ensuring they are well-ventilated and protected from the elements.
  • Connect the batteries according to your wiring diagram, using appropriate cables and connectors.

Step 3: Set Up Charge Sources

Now, you need to install the charge sources that will keep your battery bank topped up:

  • Solar Panels: Decide on the number and type of solar panels you need, considering factors such as wattage, efficiency, and temperature resistance. Install the solar panels on the roof of your trailer, ensuring they are securely mounted and angled to maximize sun exposure. Connect the panels to a solar charge controller, which regulates the voltage and current going to your battery bank.
  • Alternator: If you plan to use your trailer while driving, you can tap into your vehicle's alternator to charge your battery bank. Be sure to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for accessing alternator power and installing a DC-DC charger or isolator.
  • Shore Power: If you intend to plug into an external power source, such as a campground hookup or a house outlet, you'll need a battery charger/converter or an inverter/charger to regulate the voltage and current going to your battery bank.

Step 4: Wire the Electrical System

This is where you connect all the components of your electrical system according to your wiring diagram:

  • Use appropriate cables, wires, and connectors to link the battery bank, charge sources, and loads together.
  • Install fuses, breakers, and bus bars to protect your system from overcurrent and ensure safe operation.
  • Connect your 12V DC loads, such as lights, fans, and pumps, directly to the battery bank or a 12V distribution panel.
  • If you have 120V AC loads, such as power outlets or high-power devices, you'll need an inverter to convert the DC power from your battery bank to AC power. Be sure to choose an inverter with sufficient capacity for your needs.
  • Test your electrical system thoroughly to ensure all connections are secure and the system functions as expected.

Step 5: Finishing Touches

Once your electrical system is installed, there are a few final steps to complete:

  • Battery Monitoring: Install a battery monitoring system to keep track of your battery's state of charge and ensure you don't deplete your batteries below their recommended levels.
  • Lighting and Outlets: Install lighting fixtures and power outlets in your trailer, connecting them to the appropriate circuits in your electrical system.
  • Appliances: Install any appliances you plan to use, such as a fridge, heater, or air conditioner, ensuring they are connected to the correct power source and properly secured.
  • Testing and Troubleshooting: Test all your electrical systems and appliances to ensure they are functioning correctly. Identify and address any issues, referring to your wiring diagram and manufacturer's instructions as needed.

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Ventilation and insulation

Ventilation

  • Consider installing a ventilation fan near the ceiling to suck out warm air and pull in cooler air through a cracked window. This will help regulate the temperature and prevent the build-up of stale air.
  • If possible, park your trailer in a shaded area or extend an awning to reduce the amount of direct sunlight entering the trailer. This will minimise the greenhouse effect and keep the interior cooler.
  • Ensure you have adequate windows that can be opened to allow for natural ventilation. Consider installing additional windows if needed to improve airflow.
  • If you have the budget, consider installing an air conditioning unit to enhance cooling during hot weather.

Insulation

  • Insulation is essential to regulate the temperature inside your trailer and prevent heat transfer. It will make your trailer comfortable in both hot and cold weather.
  • There are various insulation materials available, such as rigid board (XPS or polyisocyanurate), closed-cell spray foam, Rockwool, and fibreglass. Each option has its pros and cons, so research and choose the one that best suits your needs and budget.
  • Rigid board insulation is widely available, affordable, and easy to install between wall studs. It comes in large squares, making it a good option for do-it-yourself projects.
  • Closed-cell spray foam insulation has an excellent R-value, providing superior insulation. It also adds structural strength to the trailer walls and fills all cracks and crevices, creating a water-sealed environment. However, it can be messy and more expensive, and it may be best left to professionals for application.
  • Rockwool is a natural, environmentally friendly option with sound-dampening properties, providing a quiet and comfortable space. However, it is thicker and may need to be squished to fit into smaller spaces.
  • Fibreglass insulation is commonly used in campers, but it is not ideal due to its tendency to absorb water and grow mould. It also poses health hazards with its particles, and it is itchy and painful to install.
  • Remember to insulate not just the walls but also the floor and ceiling to ensure comprehensive temperature regulation.
  • Seal all seams and cracks with caulk or spray foam to prevent leaks and mould issues.
  • If your trailer has windows, consider replacing single-pane windows with double or triple-pane ones for better insulation. Alternatively, you can cover the windows with bubble wrap to reflect sunlight and reduce heat transfer.

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Flooring and furnishings

The flooring you choose for your enclosed trailer-turned-camper will depend on several factors, including your budget, the climate you'll be camping in, and the weight of the flooring material.

Campervan Flooring Options

  • Vinyl flooring is a popular choice for campervans due to its durability, water resistance, and ease of maintenance. It's also lightweight and affordable. However, it offers limited customisation and insulation.
  • Laminate flooring is another durable and aesthetically appealing option. It's easy to clean and install, but it's slightly heavier than vinyl and susceptible to water damage if not properly sealed.
  • Carpet tiles offer a soft and comfortable option, with good insulation. They are easy to install and replace, but they can be prone to staining and may absorb moisture odours if not properly maintained.
  • Rubber flooring is durable, resilient, waterproof, and easy to clean. It provides insulation and sound dampening, but it has limited aesthetic options and may emit a rubber odour initially.
  • Cork flooring is an eco-friendly, mould-resistant, and comfortable option. It provides excellent insulation and cushioning, but it can be damaged by sharp objects or heavy furniture and needs to be sealed to prevent water damage.
  • Hardwood flooring adds elegance and warmth but is less common due to its weight and cost. Engineered hardwood or bamboo may be more suitable alternatives.
  • Linoleum flooring is a natural, eco-friendly, durable, and water-resistant option. It comes in various colours and patterns, but it's susceptible to scratches and dents and has limited insulation.

Furnishings

When it comes to furnishings, you'll want to consider space-saving options that can serve multiple purposes. Here are some ideas:

  • Elevating beds, Murphy beds, or fold-out futons to save space.
  • A small fridge and a microwave can be included with careful planning and smart design.
  • A composting toilet and hot water system can be incorporated with the right plumbing.
  • Cabinets and storage solutions can be configured to your needs and preferences.
  • A combination of lighting and outlets will be necessary, especially if you plan to work or spend a lot of time inside.

Installation Process

Installing the flooring in your camper is a critical step that usually involves multiple layers:

  • Sound insulation to reduce rattling and vibration while driving.
  • Thermal insulation to maintain a comfortable temperature by slowing the introduction of cold air.
  • A subfloor, typically made of plywood, to support your weight and the weight of your furnishings.
  • The top layer, which you'll see and walk on every day. Popular options include vinyl, laminate, and cork.

Maintenance and Repairs

To maintain your camper's flooring:

  • Regularly sweep and wipe down the floors to keep them clean.
  • Use mats or rugs, especially in areas with high foot traffic, to protect the flooring from scratches and dirt.
  • Take off your shoes before stepping into the camper to avoid tracking in dirt and debris.

Frequently asked questions

Converting a cargo trailer into a camper can cost between $7,000 and $15,000.

It's a cheaper option than buying an overpriced RV, it's a fun project, and it's a huge learning experience. You can also customise it to your exact needs and it's a more lightweight option.

You'll need basic tools, plus a jigsaw or Dremel and a sawzall are recommended.

First, plan your layout. Then, add your electricals, frame and insulation. Finish the walls, then add your cabinets, flooring, and any final touches.

To make the most of the limited space in your cargo trailer camper, consider using elevator beds, Murphy beds, and fold-out futons.

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