
Building your own camper van can be a challenging but rewarding experience. It requires time, money, skills, and the right tools and resources. There are several factors to consider when deciding between a DIY van build and hiring a professional camper van conversion company.
If you choose to build your own camper van, you will need a suitable workspace, such as a garage or a maker space, and you should set aside a generous amount of time for the project. It is also important to plan the build sequence carefully, as some tasks need to be completed before others. For example, it is recommended to install solar panels and insulate the van before moving on to the electrical system and interior fittings.
Building your own camper van gives you the flexibility to customise it according to your specific needs and preferences. You can decide on the layout, choose the materials, and add unique features. Additionally, a DIY build can be more cost-effective, as you can choose how much to spend on different components. However, it is important to note that the resale value of a DIY van may not be as high as a professional conversion.
On the other hand, hiring a professional conversion company has its own set of advantages. They can provide a professional-grade build that may hold its value better. Working with a reputable company can also give you peace of mind and save you time, allowing you to focus on other commitments. However, the upfront investment for a professional conversion is typically higher, and you may have less flexibility to make changes once the build is complete.
Ultimately, the decision between a DIY van build and hiring a professional depends on your skills, budget, time constraints, and personal preferences.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Time | 3 months to 1 year |
Cost | $55k |
Space | 144 |
Skills | Carpentry, plumbing, electrical work |
Tools | Drills, saws, screwdrivers, soldering iron |
Materials | Wood, metal, insulation, screws, wires, etc. |
Vehicle | Ford Transit, Mercedes Sprinter, Ram ProMaster |
What You'll Learn
Planning and preparation
Space and Tools:
Firstly, you need to think about where you will work on your van. You'll require a suitable space to store your van and easy access to the necessary tools. If you don't have a garage or covered space, you'll need to factor in the impact of weather conditions on your build.
Time and Budget:
Be prepared to dedicate significant time to your project. Even with prior planning, these builds can take months, and it's wise to have wiggle room in your budget for unexpected costs.
Research and Learning:
Take advantage of online resources like YouTube and forums to learn from the experiences of others. You can pick up valuable tips and tricks, and also learn from the mistakes of fellow DIY enthusiasts.
Insurance and Regulations:
Before you begin, it's crucial to consult with your insurance company. Understand the implications of a DIY build on your insurance coverage, especially if you plan to live in your van full-time. Additionally, be mindful of regulations regarding RV insurance and the requirements of RV parks if you intend to use them.
Electrical System:
Designing an electrical system from scratch can be daunting, so it's beneficial to seek out online tutorials, forums, and even ready-made kits to ensure you get it right. This is a critical system that powers essential functions, so it's worth investing in quality components and seeking expert advice if needed.
Infrastructure and Layout:
Consider the overall layout of your van, including the placement of essential infrastructure like water tanks, electrical systems, and heating. Think about how you will use the space and plan accordingly, allowing for headroom, storage, and any specific requirements you may have.
Building and Installation:
Be prepared for the physical work of cutting holes, installing panels, plumbing, and wiring. It's a good idea to get the heavy infrastructure in place first, like water tanks and electrical systems, before moving on to building out the living space.
Test and Refine:
Once your build is complete, it's time to take it for a spin! Head out on a shakedown trip to identify any issues and fine-tune your van. Be prepared to make adjustments and fix any problems that arise.
Remember, planning is key to a successful build, so take your time, do your research, and don't be afraid to seek advice and learn from others' experiences.
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Insulation and flooring
Choose the Right Insulation
There are several types of insulation that you can use for your camper van, but one of the most popular options is Thinsulate. Thinsulate is a high-performance insulation material that is easy to install and provides excellent thermal and acoustic protection. It also helps to control resonance and move moisture away from the van's skin. When installing Thinsulate, make sure to follow the official recommendations and place the white side towards the van's sheet metal.
Install the Subfloor
Before installing your flooring, it's important to first prepare the subfloor. This will provide a flat and stable surface for your flooring to rest on, making it easier to work inside the van. Plywood is a common material used for subfloors, as it is durable and easy to work with.
Consider Your Flooring Options
When it comes to flooring, there are a few different options to choose from. One popular choice is marine vinyl flooring, which is durable, attractive, and easy to clean. It comes in 6' wide rolls, which may require seaming for a wider van. Another option is to use wooden planks, such as tongue and groove panelling, which can be varnished to protect against spills and scuffs.
Leave a Gap
When installing your flooring, it's important to leave a small gap (around 1/8" to 1/4") between the flooring and any walls or other fixtures. This will allow for expansion and contraction, and can be covered with trim or flexible caulking for a neat finish.
Protect Your Flooring
If possible, try to leave the installation of your flooring until later in the build process, so that you don't have to worry about protecting it from damage while you work. If you need to install your flooring earlier, make sure to cover it with protective sheets or boards to prevent scratches or stains.
Soundproofing
In addition to providing thermal insulation, your flooring can also help to reduce noise levels in your van. Using foam tape or other sound-absorbing materials between the metal ribs of the van and the flooring can help to create a buffer and prevent squeaks and rattles.
Storage Solutions
Don't forget to consider your storage needs when planning your flooring and subfloor installation. Many van builders choose to include a "garage" area under the bed, which can be used to store gear and other essentials. Drawers, cabinets, and other built-in storage solutions can also be incorporated into your design.
Remember that your insulation and flooring choices will depend on your specific van model, budget, and personal preferences. Taking the time to plan and research the best options for your build will ensure a more comfortable and durable camper van.
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Electrical systems
The electrical system is one of the most important parts of your camper van. It will power your appliances, lights, and other electrical devices. Here are some detailed instructions on how to set up the electrical system in your camper van:
Primary Electrical System
The primary electrical system forms the heart of your camper van's electrical setup. It includes essential components such as batteries, an inverter, and a solar charge controller. Decide on a location for these components, typically under the bed area, and install them securely. This step also involves connecting the van's battery to a DC-DC charger, allowing it to charge while driving.
Rough-in Electrical System Branch Circuits
Now, you'll need to run wires from the load centre to various devices like lights, refrigerator, fans, etc. Use the correct gauge wire and ensure protection with wire loom where the wire might interact with sharp edges. Leave some slack at each location for fine-tuning later, and consider using conduits for future upgrades and repairs.
Solar Panels
Attaching solar panels to your roof will enable you to harness solar energy and reduce your reliance on other power sources. Decide whether you want to attach the panels directly to the roof or mount them on a roof rack. Drilling holes in the roof will be necessary for secure mounting.
Battery Bank and Other Components
A battery bank will store the electrical energy generated by your solar panels. You'll also need a charge controller to regulate the charging process and protect your batteries. Additionally, consider investing in a good inverter to convert the stored DC power to AC power for running various appliances.
Wiring and Fuses
Use high-quality wiring to connect all the components of your electrical system. Ensure the wires are properly labelled and colour-coded for easy identification. Install fuses and breakers at appropriate points in the system to protect against power surges and short circuits.
Lighting and Appliances
Finally, you can connect your lighting fixtures and appliances to the electrical system. This includes items like LED lights, refrigerator, fans, air conditioning, and any other electrical devices you plan to use in your camper van. Ensure that your electrical system can handle the load of all the devices you intend to use simultaneously.
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Water systems
Components of a Water System
The basic components of a camper van water system include:
- Fresh water tank: Stores potable water for various purposes. It's recommended to place the tank over the wheel well to optimise space and handle the weight efficiently.
- 12V water pump: Pressurises the water system, drawing water from the tank and pushing it through the pipes to the points of use.
- Accumulator: Smooths out pressure changes, ensuring consistent water delivery at the faucets.
- Points of use: These include showers, sinks, UV purifying faucets, and outdoor sprayers, allowing you to utilise water in different areas of the van.
- Grey water tank: Collects used water from sinks and showers. Grey water tanks are typically smaller than fresh water tanks since not all fresh water goes down the drain.
- Black water tank: Collects human waste water. Most camper vans opt for composting toilets instead of a black water tank.
- Tubing and connectors: Flexible tubing, such as PEX tubing, is used to connect the tanks and components, with various fittings and connectors available for customisation.
Water Tank Options
When choosing a fresh water tank, consider your lifestyle and daily water usage. If you plan to shower in your van, a larger tank will be necessary to avoid frequent refills. Here are some options:
- Water jugs: Portable and easy to fill. You can keep multiple jugs and switch between them as needed.
- RV fresh water tank: Takes up significant storage space but provides a generous water supply.
- Wheel well fresh water tank: Designed to fit over the wheel well, saving space and improving weight distribution. However, these tanks can be expensive.
For grey water, you can opt for a dedicated grey water tank or simply use a bucket to collect the water and dispose of it responsibly. Black water tanks are generally unnecessary unless you have a running toilet.
Water Pumps
You can choose between a manual pump, which requires physical effort to operate, or an electric pump. The latter is more convenient and can be easily integrated into your electrical system with the help of wiring and a fuse. Remember to place the water pump on a switch to turn it off when not in use, especially when driving on bumpy roads.
Water Heaters
Water heaters are optional but highly recommended if you plan to shower in your van. Options include:
- Budget-friendly: Simply use a collapsible kettle or jet boil to boil water for "pour-over dishes."
- Propane tankless water heater: A cheaper and easier-to-install option, but ensure proper ventilation.
- AC-powered hot water heater: Requires a robust electrical system but provides convenient hot water on demand.
Sinks and Faucets
Choose a sink and faucet that suit your van's layout and usage needs. Consider a faucet with an on/off lever at the head for better control and water conservation.
Piping and Fittings
Use flexible tubing, such as PEX tubing, to connect the components of your water system. PEX tubing is affordable, readily available, and flexible enough to navigate the curves of your van. You will need various fittings and connectors, such as elbows, tees, and adapters, to create a custom configuration. Remember to use thread sealant, not Teflon tape, on plastic fittings to prevent over-tightening and potential leaks.
Water Filtration
As you'll be filling your water tank from various sources, water filtration is essential for safe drinking water. Use an in-line water filter that filters down to at least 0.2 microns, and consider adding a UV water purifier at your point of use for added confidence.
Filling and Winterising Your Water System
Filling your water tank can be done through an access hatch or a dedicated fill port with quick connects. The iOverlander app is a helpful resource for finding water sources on the road.
If you plan to use your van in cold climates, winterising your water system is crucial. This involves draining all water tanks and heaters, removing water filters, and blowing out the lines with an air compressor. You may also need to bypass an external grey water tank with a ball valve to prevent freezing.
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Interior design and decor
Firstly, consider the layout and infrastructure. Decide on the placement of essential features such as the bed, storage units, and galley cabinets. This will help determine the overall flow and utilisation of space within the van.
Next, address the practical elements like insulation, electrical systems, and plumbing. Insulation is vital for temperature control and Thinsulate is a popular choice among van builders. Electrical systems should be carefully planned, with components like batteries, inverters, and solar charge controllers installed. Plumbing may include installing a water heater, freshwater tank, and grey water tank.
Once the infrastructure is in place, focus on the aesthetics. Choose a colour scheme and materials for wall and ceiling panels, flooring, and cabinetry. Consider using lightweight and durable materials like plywood and vinyl for a cost-effective and long-lasting finish.
Finally, add the finishing touches to make your van feel like home. This could include soft furnishings, decorative items, and personal touches that reflect your style and interests.
Remember, designing your van is a highly personal process, so take the time to plan and customise it according to your unique needs and preferences.
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Frequently asked questions
It depends on your skills and the time you can dedicate to the project. Some people take a few months, while others take a year or more to complete their conversion.
DIY van conversions offer customisation, flexibility, and the ability to save money. You can also bond with your family or friends during the process.
DIY conversions can be time-consuming and frustrating, especially if you're unfamiliar with the process. It may also be difficult to obtain RV insurance for a DIY-built van.
Essential components include insulation, subflooring, electrical systems, plumbing, and ventilation. You will also need to consider water storage and heating solutions.
Online forums, YouTube videos, and specialised websites can provide valuable information and inspiration for your van conversion project. Additionally, you may want to join tool libraries or maker spaces to access necessary tools and guidance.