
If you're planning to stay in one place for a long time, you might want to consider making a sewage pipe for your camper. This is a more permanent solution for handling wastewater from your camper and can last for years without any issues. A hard-piped sewer system uses rigid PVC pipes and fittings that are secured under the RV, running from the RV black tank outlet to a sewer access connection outside of the vehicle. This is a convenient, secure, and aesthetically pleasing solution, but it does limit the mobility of your camper.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Sewer pipe material | Rigid plastic ABS or PVC pipe |
Sewer pipe function | Replaces a flexible plastic hose |
Sewer pipe connection | Connects to the dump outlet on the RV |
Sewer pipe drainage | 1/4 inch drop per foot |
Sewer pipe slope | No more than 1/4 inch of slope per foot |
Sewer hose | Bayonet-style fitting end and an elbow-shaped end |
Sewer hose connection | Connects to the RV waste valve and the dump station |
Sewer hose holder | Keeps the sewer hose in place and angled correctly |
What You'll Learn
Check local health department rules and regulations
Before you start building your sewage pipe for your camper, it is important to check with your local health department for rules and regulations. These regulations can vary considerably from one location to another, so it is important to be aware of the specific requirements in your area. For example, in California, the state's Department of Health requires any rig staying over 30 days to replace the flexible sewer hose with a solid pipe connection to the sewer. In contrast, a campground in Ohio does not have this requirement.
Health departments may require permits for installing a sewage system and may specify the use of particular materials for handling wastewater. For instance, in some places, a hard-piped connection may be mandated for long-term stays. It is also important to be aware of the slope or pitch of the pipe, which can affect the flow of solids and liquids. The minimum drop typically ranges from 1/8" to 1/4" per foot for a 3"-4" sewer pipe.
In addition, certain health departments may have specific rules regarding the use of septic tanks. For example, if you are connecting your camper sewage to an existing septic tank, you should ensure that the pipe is installed with the proper slope to avoid issues.
To ensure compliance with local regulations and avoid potential health and environmental hazards, it is crucial to consult with your local health department before beginning any sewage pipe installation or modification project for your camper.
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Plan the layout of the pipe
Planning the layout of the pipe is a crucial step in installing a sewage pipe for your camper. Here are some detailed instructions to help you plan the layout effectively:
Firstly, determine the location of your camper's sewer outlet and the existing sewer connections. This will be the starting point for planning the pipe route. You need to consider the slope, distance, and any obstacles along the way. The pipe should have a slope of around one-fourth inch per foot to ensure efficient drainage. If your pipe needs to cover a long distance, consider installing clean-outs every 50 feet.
Next, decide on the pipe route by evaluating the surrounding environment. Identify any obstacles that may interfere with the pipe, such as trees, rocks, or other structures. Plan how you will navigate these obstacles to ensure a straight and efficient route for your pipe. Remember to keep the number of corners and elbows to a minimum to facilitate smooth flow.
Now, measure the distance between your camper's sewer outlet and the dump outlet. This measurement will guide you in selecting the appropriate length and diameter of the pipe. It's crucial to get accurate measurements to avoid mistakes when cutting and installing the pipe.
After determining the required length, select the appropriate size and type of pipe for your project. Typically, 3-inch or 4-inch PVC pipes are used for sewage pipes. Choose a pipe that complies with local regulations and is suitable for above-ground use and UV exposure if applicable. Don't forget to factor in any elbows or connectors you'll need along the route.
Finally, consider the support system for your pipe. Sewage pipes can become heavy once they are in use, so it's important to provide adequate support. Decide whether you will use cinder blocks, wooden supports, or another type of support system. If your pipe run is long, you may need to install multiple supports at regular intervals. Ensure that your chosen support system can withstand the weight of the pipe when it is filled with liquid waste.
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Gather tools and supplies
To build a hard pipe RV sewer line, you will need to gather the right tools and supplies. This is one of the most crucial steps in the process. Here is a detailed list of the tools and supplies you will need:
- 3-inch PVC pipe: Ensure you have enough length to run from your RV to the sewer connection. The pipe should be rigid plastic ABS or PVC to replace the flexible plastic hose.
- Connectors: You will need connectors to attach the pipe to the sewer connection. The QwikCamp RV Plumbing Waste System is a popular option that provides a leak-proof connection.
- Pipe clamps: These are essential for tightening the connection and keeping everything securely in place.
- Impact socket drill and socket: This tool helps to tighten the pipe clamps effectively.
- Handsaw: Use a handsaw rated for cutting PVC pipe to cut the pipe to the required length.
- Razor blade: A razor blade will help you trim any sharp burs inside the piping.
- Pipe cutters: You will need a tool to cut the pipes, and pipe cutters are ideal for this purpose.
- Solvent cement: This is necessary for assembling the PVC pipes and fittings securely.
- Hangers and supports: To support the RV sewer pipes, you can use cinder blocks or create wooden supports.
- Adapter: Choose a compatible adapter to connect your sewer hose to the hard-piped system.
- Traps and vents: Install traps and vents to prevent sewer gases and ensure proper ventilation.
- Sealant and primer: Use appropriate sealant and primer to ensure a leak-free installation.
- Drill and wrenches: These tools will be useful for various tasks during the installation process.
Once you have gathered all the necessary tools and supplies, you can move on to the next steps of preparing the pipe route and installing the pipes.
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Measure and cut the pipes
Before you start cutting the pipes, you need to have a clear layout of your pipe route. This includes the slope of the pipe, which should be no more than a quarter-inch per foot, as well as the distance and any obstacles.
Once you have a clear plan, it's time to start measuring and cutting the pipes. It is best to measure twice and cut once, as rushing through the measuring stage could lead to a costly mistake.
Begin by measuring a straight line out from your RV's dump outlet. Then, measure at a 90-degree angle to your sewer connection in the ground. Mark the pipe and start cutting. Use a handsaw that is rated for cutting PVC pipe to make it as manageable as possible.
If you need to use elbows and other connectors, be sure to factor these into your measurements and layout. You want to minimise the number of corners to ensure everything flows smoothly.
Once you've cut all the pipes to size, it's time to start installing the fittings. These will go on each pipe and be secured using pipe clamps. Start at the connection on your RV and work your way backward toward the sewer outlet. Remember, you want the fittings to be snug on the pipes but not so tight that you damage the plastic. These clamps can generate a lot of force, especially if you tighten them with an impact drill, so be careful not to over-tighten.
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Test the connections
Testing the connections is a crucial step in the process of installing a hard-piped RV sewer system. Here is a detailed guide on how to do it:
Before testing, ensure that you have installed the pipes, fittings, traps, and vents securely and correctly. Check that the pipes are fastened to hangers and supports and that all connections are tight and leak-proof. Once you are confident that everything is in place, you can proceed with the testing:
- Perform a Pressure Test: Start by performing a pressure test to check for any leaks in the system. This will help identify any weak points or areas that require further sealing or tightening.
- Inspect All Connections: After the pressure test, thoroughly inspect all the connections in the system. Ensure that the pipes, fittings, traps, and vents are properly sealed and secured. Look for any signs of leakage or potential weak points.
- Test with Grey Water Tank: When you are satisfied that all connections are secure and sealed, it's time for a functional test. Start by slowly opening the grey water tank valve and observing the system's performance. By using the grey water tank first, you can avoid potential messes from the black water tank.
- Identify and Address Leaks: During the functional test, carefully monitor the system for any signs of leakage. If you notice any drips or leaks, immediately close the tank valve and investigate the issue. You may need to retighten connections, use additional sealant, or make other adjustments.
- Repeat Testing: Once you have addressed any issues and are confident that the system is secure, repeat the functional test. Open the grey water tank valve again and observe the system's performance. Ensure that there are no leaks and that the wastewater is flowing efficiently through the pipes.
- Test Black Water Tank (Optional): If you have a black water tank, you may choose to test it at this stage. However, it is recommended to start with the grey water tank to avoid potential messes. If you decide to test the black water tank, carefully open the valve and monitor the system's performance, ensuring there are no leaks.
- Maintenance and Winterization: To maintain your hard-piped RV sewer system, regularly flush it with clean water and a mild RV sewer cleaner to prevent clogs. If you are in a cold climate, insulate exposed pipes to prevent freezing during winter. Remember to disconnect and drain the system properly before winter storage to avoid damage.
Testing the connections is essential to ensure the proper functioning of your hard-piped RV sewer system. By following these steps, you can identify and address any issues, ensuring a secure and leak-proof system. Remember always to start with the grey water tank for testing to avoid any unpleasant surprises.
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Frequently asked questions
You can use a rigid plastic ABS or PVC pipe.
You'll need to use pipe clamps to tighten the connection and keep everything in place.
You'll need to purchase plumbing supplies for trailers. There are pipes with gates/valves inside that you can open and close to drain the grey and black water tanks.
This depends on how big your tank is and how often you're using the restroom.
If your RV doesn't have a grey water tank, the water from your sink and shower will end up in the black water tank.